Anal Glands in Pets: What They Are and Why They Cause Trouble
If you’ve ever caught your dog scooting across the carpet or obsessively licking their rear, you’re not alone—and the culprit is often their anal glands.
These tiny, pea-sized sacs are located on either side of your pet’s anus and are designed to release a smelly, oily substance when they defecate. It’s a natural form of communication for dogs and cats, but things can go wrong when those glands don’t empty properly. When they get clogged, irritated, or infected, they can cause a lot of discomfort—and a lot of questions from pet parents.
Common Signs of Anal Gland Problems
Here are some red flags that might mean it’s time for a trip to the vet:
- Scooting or dragging their butt
- Licking or biting at the rear
- Swelling, foul odor, or signs of pain near the anus
These symptoms suggest your pet’s anal glands might be impacted or infected and should be evaluated by a veterinarian.
When Does a Dog Need Anal Gland Expression?
Some dogs never need help with their anal glands. Others—especially small breeds—may require regular manual expression every 4–6 weeks. If you’ve ever Googled, “Does my dog need their anal glands expressed?”—you’re not alone.
Anal gland expression is a simple, quick procedure usually done by a vet or groomer. When glands become infected, treatment may include antibiotics, pain medication, or even warm compresses at home, depending on the severity.
Preventing Anal Gland Issues
There are several ways to support healthy anal gland function. Always check with your vet before making any changes, but here are a few things that can help:
- Boost fiber intake: Adding pumpkin, Metamucil (as directed), or a vet-recommended supplement like Glandex can promote firm stools, which help naturally empty the glands.
- Maintain a healthy weight: Overweight pets are more likely to experience gland problems due to added pressure and reduced mobility.
- Routine vet visits: Regular checkups can catch early signs of issues, including rare but serious concerns like anal gland tumors or complications related to back pain, which can interfere with normal gland function.
Are Certain Breeds More at Risk?
Yes—some dog breeds seem more prone to anal gland issues. These include:
- Chihuahuas
- Dachshunds
- Poodles
- Cocker Spaniels
However, any dog, regardless of breed, can experience problems.
Chronic Anal Gland Issues: When Surgery Becomes an Option
If your pet suffers from frequent infections or recurring blockages, anal gland removal surgery may be considered. This is typically a last resort and reserved for chronic cases where other treatments haven’t worked. Causes of persistent issues may include allergies, poor diet, genetics, or even spinal/back conditions that affect a dog’s ability to squat.
What About Cats?
While less common in felines, anal gland problems can occur—especially in overweight or sedentary cats. Similar to dogs, cats may benefit from dietary changes that include more fiber. In rare but persistent cases, surgical removal might be recommended. This is often considered when the glands frequently leak, become infected, or emit ongoing odor due to structural issues.
Takeaway: Don’t Ignore the Scoot
Whether it’s your dog scooting across the living room or your cat licking their behind nonstop, these behaviors shouldn’t be brushed off. Anal gland problems are common, uncomfortable, and very treatable. A quick veterinary exam can bring your pet fast relief—and help prevent more serious complications down the line.
If you’re unsure whether your pet’s behavior is normal or a sign of anal gland trouble, don’t wait. Give your vet a call and let them take a closer look.
Dr. Logan Hille, DVM
Dr. Logan Hille was born in 1991 in Southern California and moved to Arizona in 1995. He graduated from the University of Arizona in 2013 with a degree in veterinary sciences and attended Colorado State University for veterinary school. After graduating in 2018, Dr. Hille moved to Dallas, Texas where he lived for 8 months. Knowing Texas was not the place for him, Dr. Hille moved back to Arizona in 2019 to be closer to his friends and family. He has two dogs, Rory and Lincoln, who he loves dearly. In his off time, Dr. Hille likes golfing, relaxing with friends, and playing video games.
Dr. Hille has a special interest in Oncology and advanced Valley Fever.
